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1 строительно-монтажные работы
1) General subject: shell and core works (объект таковых), building and assembly works2) Engineering: construction and erection work3) Construction: building and construction works, construction / installation activities, construction installation works, construction and assembly works4) Economy: building and installation works, construction and assembly work, construction and installation works6) Power engineering: СМР, civil construction and erection jobs, construction and installation jobs7) Business: building and assembly jobs, construction and erection works8) Sakhalin energy glossary: construction and assembly work (СМР, CAW), construction and installation activities9) Oilfield: construction and assembling operations10) Chemical weapons: building and assembling works, construction and installation11) oil&gas: construction and assembly operations, construction and installation operations, construction and installation work (АД), Civil and Structural, construction and assemble operations, civil and structural works12) Water supply: civil and installation worksУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > строительно-монтажные работы
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2 строительно-монтажные работы СМР
Roll stock: construction and installation activitiesУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > строительно-монтажные работы СМР
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3 арматурные и опалубочные работы
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > арматурные и опалубочные работы
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4 строительство
1) General subject: building, construction, housebuilding (домов), real estate development, wet crossing (также wet cut crossing, предусматривает выкапывание траншеи при сохранении течения в русле (река продожает течь через площадку работ), используется на малых или менее уязвимых водотоках)2) American: construction activity3) Engineering: building industry, building site (место проведения строительных работ), civil engineering, construction engineering, constructional engineering, development, engineering, erection, fabrication4) Construction: building and construction, civil engineering work, construction activities5) Railway term: project6) Law: building construction7) Economy: construction operations8) Forestry: undertaking9) Oil: construction (трубопроводов, морских сооружений, промыслов, скважин)10) Food industry: building-up11) Business: building activity, building and construction work, site area12) Oilfield: rigging-up (буровых)13) Makarov: building industry (как отрасль народного хозяйства), buildings, construction industry, construction industry (как отрасль народного хозяйства), installation15) Aluminium industry: (гражданское) civil engineering -
5 строительство
1) General subject: building, construction, housebuilding (домов), real estate development, wet crossing (также wet cut crossing, предусматривает выкапывание траншеи при сохранении течения в русле (река продожает течь через площадку работ), используется на малых или менее уязвимых водотоках)2) American: construction activity3) Engineering: building industry, building site (место проведения строительных работ), civil engineering, construction engineering, constructional engineering, development, engineering, erection, fabrication4) Construction: building and construction, civil engineering work, construction activities5) Railway term: project6) Law: building construction7) Economy: construction operations8) Forestry: undertaking9) Oil: construction (трубопроводов, морских сооружений, промыслов, скважин)10) Food industry: building-up11) Business: building activity, building and construction work, site area12) Oilfield: rigging-up (буровых)13) Makarov: building industry (как отрасль народного хозяйства), buildings, construction industry, construction industry (как отрасль народного хозяйства), installation15) Aluminium industry: (гражданское) civil engineering -
6 Darby, Abraham
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 1678 near Dudley, Worcestershire, Englandd. 5 May 1717 Madely Court, Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, England[br]English ironmaster, inventor of the coke smelting of iron ore.[br]Darby's father, John, was a farmer who also worked a small forge to produce nails and other ironware needed on the farm. He was brought up in the Society of Friends, or Quakers, and this community remained important throughout his personal and working life. Darby was apprenticed to Jonathan Freeth, a malt-mill maker in Birmingham, and on completion of his apprenticeship in 1699 he took up the trade himself in Bristol. Probably in 1704, he visited Holland to study the casting of brass pots and returned to Bristol with some Dutch workers, setting up a brassworks at Baptist Mills in partnership with others. He tried substituting cast iron for brass in his castings, without success at first, but in 1707 he was granted a patent, "A new way of casting iron pots and other pot-bellied ware in sand without loam or clay". However, his business associates were unwilling to risk further funds in the experiments, so he withdrew his share of the capital and moved to Coalbrookdale in Shropshire. There, iron ore, coal, water-power and transport lay close at hand. He took a lease on an old furnace and began experimenting. The shortage and expense of charcoal, and his knowledge of the use of coke in malting, may well have led him to try using coke to smelt iron ore. The furnace was brought into blast in 1709 and records show that in the same year it was regularly producing iron, using coke instead of charcoal. The process seems to have been operating successfully by 1711 in the production of cast-iron pots and kettles, with some pig-iron destined for Bristol. Darby prospered at Coalbrookdale, employing coke smelting with consistent success, and he sought to extend his activities in the neighbourhood and in other parts of the country. However, ill health prevented him from pursuing these ventures with his previous energy. Coke smelting spread slowly in England and the continent of Europe, but without Darby's technological breakthrough the ever-increasing demand for iron for structures and machines during the Industrial Revolution simply could not have been met; it was thus an essential component of the technological progress that was to come.Darby's eldest son, Abraham II (1711–63), entered the Coalbrookdale Company partnership in 1734 and largely assumed control of the technical side of managing the furnaces and foundry. He made a number of improvements, notably the installation of a steam engine in 1742 to pump water to an upper level in order to achieve a steady source of water-power to operate the bellows supplying the blast furnaces. When he built the Ketley and Horsehay furnaces in 1755 and 1756, these too were provided with steam engines. Abraham II's son, Abraham III (1750–89), in turn, took over the management of the Coalbrookdale works in 1768 and devoted himself to improving and extending the business. His most notable achievement was the design and construction of the famous Iron Bridge over the river Severn, the world's first iron bridge. The bridge members were cast at Coalbrookdale and the structure was erected during 1779, with a span of 100 ft (30 m) and height above the river of 40 ft (12 m). The bridge still stands, and remains a tribute to the skill and judgement of Darby and his workers.[br]Further ReadingA.Raistrick, 1989, Dynasty of Iron Founders, 2nd edn, Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust (the best source for the lives of the Darbys and the work of the company).H.R.Schubert, 1957, History of the British Iron and Steel Industry AD 430 to AD 1775, London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul.LRD
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